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Antihypercholesterolemic and antiatherosclerotic potencies of Pandanus tectorius fruits via increasing scavenger receptor-B1 genes expression and inhibition of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme a reductase activity
Yosie Andriani1, Gul-e-Saba Chaudhry1, Efriyana Oksal1, Inten Pangestika1, Nadia Madiha Ramli1, Habsah Mohamad1, Rina Elvia2, Hermansyah Amir2, Effendy AWM3, Yeong Yik Sung1, Tengku Sifzizul Tengku Muhammad4
1 Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
2 Educational Chemistry Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Bengkulu University, Bengkulu, Indonesia
3 Faculty of Fisheries and Food Science; Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
4 Institute of Marine Biotechnology; Research Management Center, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia
Correspondence Address:
Dr. Gul-e-Saba Chaudhry
Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Mengabang Telipot 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu
Malaysia
Dr. Yosie Andriani
Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Mengabang Telipot 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu
Malaysia
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
DOI: 10.4103/japtr.JAPTR_164_19
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Atherosclerosis is a leading cause of death worldwide. The adverse side effects of currently available drugs urge to find more effective and safe remedial agents. Alternative candidates from natural resources are of great consequence in the emerging of new drugs. Pandanus tectorius (Pandanaceae) was traditionally used in Ayurvedic medicine to cure certain diseases. Thus, the current study conducted to elucidate the potency of P. tectorius fruit as antiatherosclerosis and antihypercholesterolemia agents through the regulation of high density lipoprotein (HDL) receptor (scavenger receptor [SR]-B1) gene expression and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase reductase (HMGCR) in vitro, respectively. The P. tectorius fruit was noncytotoxic against the HepG2 cell line confirmed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl) 2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay. The P. tectorius fruit successfully upregulates the SR-B1 gene expression and downregulate the HMGCR. Moreover, an in vivo study showed that P. tectorius has good activity on the upregulation of HDL and subsequently downregulation of total cholesterol level. Moreover, P. tectorius fruit did not show any increase in toxicity biomarkers serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase and serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase in vivo. These results found that P. tectorius fruits have potency as the preventive agent for hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis via SR-B1 and HMGCR mechanisms of action.
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